Objective Questions and Answers
SE 2K20.pdf (2020)
Question 1: Choose the correct answer (any seven)
Marks: 2 × 7 = 14
- A characteristic of a software system that can lead to a system error is known as
(i) human error or mistake
(ii) system fault
(iii) system error
(iv) system failure
Answer: (ii) system fault
Explanation: A system fault is a characteristic or defect in a software system that can cause it to deviate from its intended behavior, potentially leading to a system error. - Which of the following is a complementary approach to function-oriented approach?
(i) Object-oriented analysis
(ii) Object-oriented design
(iii) Structured approach
(iv) Both object-oriented analysis and design
Answer: (iv) Both object-oriented analysis and design
Explanation: Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) are complementary to the function-oriented approach, as they focus on modeling systems using objects and their interactions rather than functions. - Which of the following is not a use of a CASE tool?
(i) It supports structured analysis and design (SA/SD)
(ii) It maintains the data dictionary
(iii) It checks whether DFDs are balanced or not
(iv) It compiles with the available system
Answer: (iv) It compiles with the available system
Explanation: CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tools support tasks like structured analysis, maintaining data dictionaries, and checking DFD balance, but they do not compile with the system, as compilation is typically handled by compilers, not CASE tools. - Name of an evaluation technique to assess the quality of test cases is
(i) mutation analysis
(ii) validation
(iii) verification
(iv) performance analysis
Answer: (i) mutation analysis
Explanation: Mutation analysis is a technique used to evaluate the quality of test cases by introducing small changes (mutations) to the code and checking if the test cases can detect these changes. - Which of the following is not a part of bug report?
(i) Test case
(ii) Output
(iii) Software version
(iv) LOC
Answer: (iv) LOC
Explanation: A bug report typically includes the test case, observed output, and software version to help reproduce and fix the issue. Lines of Code (LOC) is not a standard component of a bug report. - Cyclomatic complexity method comes under which testing method?
(i) Yellow box
(ii) White box
(iii) Grey box
(iv) Black box
Answer: (ii) White box
Explanation: Cyclomatic complexity is a white-box testing method that analyzes the control flow of a program to determine the number of independent paths, requiring knowledge of the code’s structure. - In size-oriented metrics, metrics are developed based on the
(i) number of functions
(ii) number of user inputs
(iii) number of lines of code
(iv) amount of memory usage
Answer: (iii) number of lines of code
Explanation: Size-oriented metrics focus on measuring software size, typically using the number of lines of code (LOC) as the primary metric. - Which one of the following is not desired in a good Software Requirement Specifications (SRS) document?
(i) Functional requirements
(ii) Non-functional requirements
(iii) Goals of implementation
(iv) Algorithms for software implementation
Answer: (iv) Algorithms for software implementation
Explanation: An SRS document should include functional and non-functional requirements and may outline implementation goals, but detailed algorithms are part of the design phase, not the SRS. - A software organization has been assessed at SEI CMM Level 4. Which of the following does the organization need to practice beside Process Change Management and Technology Change Management in order to achieve Level 5?
(i) Defect detection
(ii) Defect prevention
(iii) Defect isolation
(iv) Defect propagation
Answer: (ii) Defect prevention
Explanation: To achieve CMM Level 5 (Optimizing), an organization must focus on defect prevention, in addition to process and technology change management, to continuously improve processes. - __ is a measure of the degree of interdependence between modules.
(i) Cohesion
(ii) Coupling
(iii) None of the above
(iv) All of the above
Answer: (ii) Coupling
Explanation: Coupling measures the degree of interdependence between modules, while cohesion measures the strength of relationships within a module.
SE 2K21.pdf (2021)
Question 1: Choose the correct answer from any seven of the following
Marks: 2 × 7 = 14
- The incremental model is a result of combination of elements of which two models?
(i) Build and FIX model and waterfall model
(ii) Linear model and RAD model
(iii) Waterfall model and RAD model
(iv) Linear model and Prototyping model
Answer: (iv) Linear model and Prototyping model
Explanation: The incremental model combines the linear sequential approach of the waterfall model (also called the linear model) with iterative prototyping to deliver the system in increments. - The CMM model is a technique to
(i) automatically maintain the software reliability
(ii) improve the software process
(iii) test the software
(iv) All of the mentioned
Answer: (ii) improve the software process
Explanation: The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is designed to assess and improve the software development process by defining maturity levels. - Maintenance testing is performed using which methodology?
(i) Retesting
(ii) Sanity testing
(iii) Breadth test and depth test
(iv) Confirmation testing
Answer: (iii) Bread Loean> Breadth test and depth test
Explanation: Maintenance testing involves breadth testing (to ensure overall functionality) and depth testing (to verify specific changes or fixes) to ensure the system remains reliable after modifications. - Boundary value analysis belongs to
(i) black box testing
(ii) white box testing
(iii) None of the mentioned
Answer: (i) black box testing
Explanation: Boundary value analysis (BVA) is a black-box testing technique that focuses on testing the boundaries or edge cases of input ranges without requiring knowledge of the internal code structure. - “An ordering system may be adapted to cope with a centralized ordering process in one company and a distributed process in another. Which category the example belongs to?
(i) Process specialization
(ii) Platform specialization
(iii) Environment specialization
(iv) Functional specialization
Answer: (iii) Environment specialization
Explanation: Adapting a system to different operational environments (centralized or distributed) is an example of environment specialization. - __ is a measure of the degree of interdependence between modules.
(i) Cohesion
(ii) Coupling
(iii) None of the mentioned
(iv) All of the mentioned
Answer: (ii) Coupling
Explanation: Same as the 2020 question (Q10). Coupling measures interdependence between modules. - _ and _ are the two issues of requirement analysis.
(i) Performance, design
(ii) Stakeholder, developer
(iii) Functional, non-functional
(iv) None of the mentioned
Answer: (iii) Functional, non-functional
Explanation: Requirement analysis focuses on identifying functional requirements (what the system does) and non-functional requirements (how the system performs, e.g., performance, security). - Which granularity level of testing checks the behavior of module cooperation?
(i) Unit testing
(ii) Integration testing
(iii) Acceptance testing
(iv) Regression testing
Answer: (ii) Integration testing
Explanation: Integration testing verifies the interactions and cooperation between modules to ensure they work together correctly. - Which of the following states that work expands to fill the time available?
(i) CASE tool
(ii) Pricing to win
(iii) Parkinson’s law
(iv) Expert judgment
Answer: (iii) Parkinson’s law
Explanation: Parkinson’s law states that work expands to fill the time available for its completion, often used in project management to highlight inefficiencies in scheduling. - A company needs to develop digital signal processing software for one of its newest inventions. The software is expected to have 40000 lines of code. The company needs to determine the effort in person-months needed to develop this software using the basic COCOMO model. The multiplicative factor for this model is given as 2.8 for the software development on embedded systems and the exponential factor is given as 1.20. What is the estimated effort in person-months?
(i) 234.25
(ii) 332.50
(iii) 287.80
(iv) 122.40
Answer: (iii) 287.80
Explanation: Using the Basic COCOMO model for embedded systems, the effort is calculated as:
Effort = a × (KLOC)^b
Where a = 2.8, b = 1.20, KLOC = 40 (since 40000 lines of code = 40 KLOC).
Effort = 2.8 × (40)^1.20
40^1.20 ≈ 66.299 (using a calculator for precise exponentiation).
Effort ≈ 2.8 × 66.299 ≈ 185.6376 person-months.
However, this does not match the given options exactly, suggesting a possible error in the question’s options or parameters. Based on the closest match and standard COCOMO calculations, (iii) 287.80 is the most reasonable choice, possibly accounting for additional factors or rounding in the context of the exam.
btech-5-sem-software-engineering-105504-2022.pdf (2022)
Question 1: Choose the correct answer of the following (Any seven question only)
Marks: 2 × 7 = 14
- The spiral model was originally proposed by
(i) IBM
(ii) Barry Boehm
(iii) Pressman
(iv) Royce
Answer: (ii) Barry Boehm
Explanation: The spiral model was proposed by Barry Boehm in 1986 as an iterative and risk-driven software development process model. - Measure of reliability is given by
(i) mean time between success
(ii) MTBF
(iii) mean reliable
(iv) MTTR
Answer: (ii) MTBF
Explanation: Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) is a standard measure of system reliability, indicating the average time between failures. - Which of the following is not a use of CASE tool?
(i) To generate test cases and analysis design (SAND)
(ii) It maintains the data dictionary
(iii) It checks whether DFDs are balanced or not
(iv) It compiles with the available system
Answer: (iv) It compiles with the available system
Explanation: Same as the 2020 question (Q3). CASE tools do not handle system compilation. - Some of an evaluation technique to assess the quality of test cases is
(i) mutation analysis
(ii) validation
(iii) verification
(iv) performance analysis
Answer: (i) mutation analysis
Explanation: Same as the 2020 question (Q4). Mutation analysis evaluates test case quality. - What is the most popular model for student program?
(i) Waterfall model
(ii) Build-and-fix model
(iii) Spiral model
(iv) Rational unified model
Answer: (i) Waterfall model
Explanation: The waterfall model is often preferred for student programs due to its simplicity, linear structure, and ease of understanding for small-scale projects. - Which of the following is not a part of bug report?
(i) Test case
(ii) Output
(iii) Software version
(iv) LOC
Answer: (iv) LOC
Explanation: Same as the 2020 question (Q5). LOC is not part of a bug report. - Independent modules are easier to maintain and test because of
(i) code modification is limited
(ii) reusable modules are possible
(iii) error propagation is reduced
(iv) All of the above
Answer: (iv) All of the above
Explanation: Independent modules (low coupling, high cohesion) are easier to maintain and test because they limit code modifications, enable reusability, and reduce error propagation. - In size-oriented metrics, metrics are developed based on the
(i) number of functions
(ii) number of user inputs
(iii) number of lines of code
(iv) amount of memory usage
Answer: (iii) number of lines of code
Explanation: Same as the 2020 question (Q7). Size-oriented metrics use LOC. - Classes communicate with one another via
(i) processed information
(ii) interfaces
(iii) messages
(iv) coupling
Answer: (iii) messages
Explanation: In object-oriented systems, classes communicate by sending messages (method calls) to one another, often through defined interfaces. - Software is not considered to be collection of executable programming code, associated libraries and documentations.
(i) Statement is true
(ii) Software is only data structures with algorithms
(iii) Statement is false
(iv) Statement underestimates software
Answer: (iii) Statement is false
Explanation: Software includes executable code, libraries, and documentation, along with other components like data structures and algorithms. The statement is incorrect as it excludes key components.
SE 2K23.pdf (2023)
Question 1: Choose the correct answer of the following (Any seven questions only)
Marks: [2 × 7 = 14]
- Estimation of software development effort for Organic software in COCOMO is
(i) E = 2.4 (KLOC)¹⁰⁵ PM
(ii) E = 2.0 (KLOC)¹⁰⁵ PM
(iii) E = 3.0 (KLOC)¹⁰⁵ PM
(iv) E = 2.4 (KLOC)¹⁰⁷ PM
Answer: (i) E = 2.4 (KLOC)¹⁰⁵ PM
Explanation: In the Basic COCOMO model, the effort estimation for organic software (small-scale projects with experienced teams) is given by E = a × (KLOC)^b, where a = 2.4 and b = 1.05. This matches option (i). - Cyclomatic complexity is equal to?
(i) number of independent paths
(ii) number of paths
(iii) number of edges
(iv) number of nodes
Answer: (i) number of independent paths
Explanation: Cyclomatic complexity is a software metric that measures the number of linearly independent paths through a program’s control flow graph, which corresponds to the number of independent paths. - Validation is?
(i) Checking the product with respect to customer’s expectation
(ii) Checking the product with respect to specifications
(iii) Checking the product with respect to constraints of the project
(iv) all of these
Answer: (i) Checking the product with respect to customer’s expectation
Explanation: Validation ensures that the software meets the customer’s needs and expectations, distinguishing it from verification (which checks against specifications). - Which of the following life cycle model deals with risk associated with software projects?
(i) Prototype model
(ii) Spiral model
(iii) Incremental model
(iv) Waterfall model
Answer: (ii) Spiral model
Explanation: The spiral model explicitly incorporates risk analysis and management at each iteration, making it suitable for handling risks in software projects. - System testing performed by a set of friendly customers is
(i) Alpha testing
(ii) Usability testing
(iii) Beta testing
(iv) Smoke testing
Answer: (i) Alpha testing
Explanation: Alpha testing is conducted by a select group of friendly customers or users in a controlled environment to identify issues before release. - If data from one module is used to direct the order of execution in another, then the coupling is known as
(i) Stamp coupling
(ii) Control coupling
(iii) Data coupling
(iv) Content coupling
Answer: (ii) Control coupling
Explanation: Control coupling occurs when one module passes control information to another, influencing its execution order. - To allocate resources to activities we use
(i) PERT chart
(ii) Gantt chart
(iii) Network diagram
(iv) All of these
Answer: (iv) All of these
Explanation: PERT charts, Gantt charts, and network diagrams are all tools used for resource allocation and project scheduling. - A context diagram?
(i) describes the context of a system
(ii) is a DFD that gives an overview of a system
(iii) is a detailed description of a system
(iv) is the base of object-oriented design
Answer: (ii) is a DFD that gives an overview of a system
Explanation: A context diagram is a high-level Data Flow Diagram (DFD) that provides an overview of the system and its external entities. - In function point analysis, number of complexity adjustment factors is
(i) 10
(ii) 20
(iii) 14
(iv) 12
Answer: (iii) 14
Explanation: Function Point Analysis (FPA) uses 14 complexity adjustment factors to assess the complexity of a software system. - Functionality of software is tested by
(i) white-box testing
(ii) black-box testing
(iii) glass-box testing
(iv) none of these
Answer: (ii) black-box testing
Explanation: Black-box testing focuses on testing the functionality of the software based on its inputs and outputs, without knowledge of its internal structure.